There is ample documentation for Jewish control over the land in the bible and in interpretations of contemporary archaeology:
Joshua entered the land of Israel in 1,400 BCE
Kingdom of David was founded 1000 BCE
The first Temple of Solomon was built around 957 BCE
The second Temple was built at approximately 515 BCE
The Hasmonean dynasty was founded at around 165 BCE
Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 BCE
Jews were exiled from Israel at around 136 CE
Even after the exile, there was continuous Jewish presence in the Land.
On the other hand, there’s no documentation of Palestinian control at any point
Islam was only founded in 610 CE, over 2000 years after Judaism
There have never been Palestinian regimes in the land
Israel was named Palestina by the Romans after the defeat of the Bar-Kochva revolt
The Romans in an attempt to shame the jews, renamed the area of Judea Palestine, as an insult, after the jews historic enemy - the Philistines.
The purpose of this was to break the Jewish connection with the land of Israel.
The current main Palestinian claim for the land revolves around the supposed expulsion of 700 thousand Palestinians in 1948 and it is invalid (
see claim: ‘Israel Expelled Palestinian Arabs from British mandated Palestine’)
The Israeli Response
